她买了不少衣服 She has bought quite a few cloths

Dialogue 1. 在宿舍zài xiǔ shě In the dorm
A: 昨天上午你去哪儿了? zuó tiān shàng wǔ nǐ qù nǎ ér le ?
Where did you go yesterday morning?
B: 我去商店买东西了。wǒ qù shāng diàn mǎi dōng xī le 。
I went shopping.
A:你买什么了? nǐ mǎi shén me le ?
What did you buy ?
B:我买了一点儿苹果。wǒ mǎi le yī diǎn ér píng guǒ 。
I bought some apples.
New Words
东西 dōng xī n. thing, stuff
一点儿 yī diǎn é num. -m . a few , a little
苹果 píng guǒ n. apple
Dialogue 2 在公司 zài gōng sī In the company
A: 你看见张先生了吗? nǐ kàn jiàn zhāng xiān shēng le ma ?
Have you seen Mr. Zhang?
B:看见了,他去学开车了。kàn jiàn le ,tā qù xué kāi chē le 。
Yes. He has gone to a driving lesson.
A: 他什么时候能回来? tā shí me shí hòu néng huí lái ?
When can he come back ?
B: 40分钟后回来。 40fèn zhōng hòu huí lái 。
After 40 minutes.
New Words
4. 看见 kàn jiàn v. to see
5. 先生xiān shēng n. Mr. sir
6.开 .kāi v. to drive
7.车 chē n. car, vehicle
8. 回来 huí lái v. to come back
9. 分钟 fēn zhōng n. minute
10. 后 hòu n. after, afterwards, later
Proper Noun.
张 zhāng , a Chinese family name
Dialogue 3. 在商店门口 zài shāng diàn mén kǒu Outside a store
A:王方的衣服太漂亮了! wáng fāng de yī fú tài piāo liàng le !
Wang Fang`s dress is so pretty !
B: 是啊, 她买了不少衣服。shì ā , tā mǎi le bú shǎo yī fú 。
Yes. She has bought quite a few clothes.
A:你买什么了? nǐ mǎi shí me le ?
What did you buy ?
B:我没买,这些都是王方的东西。
wǒ méi mǎi ,zhè xiē dōu shì wáng fāng de dōng xī
I bought nothing. All these are Wang Fang`s stuff.
New Words
11. 衣服yī fú n. clothes
12. 漂亮piāo liàng adj. beautiful, pretty
13. 啊 ā part. a model particle used at the end of a sentence as a sign of confirmation or defense.
14. 少 shǎo adj. little, few
不少 bù shǎo adj. quite a few, many
15. 这些zhè xiē pron. these
16. 都dōu adv. both, all
Notes : ”了le " indicating Occurence of completion
"了le ” is used at the end of a sentence. For example :
Subject Predicate 了
我 去商店 了。
wǒ qù shāng diàn le 。
他 去学开车 了。
tā qù xué kāi chē le 。
你 买什么 了?
nǐ mǎi shí me le ?
“了 le ” can also be used between a verb and its object. There is usuall a modifier before the object of verb, such as numberal classiffier, and adjective or a pronoun, etc. For example :
Predicate
Subject Verb 了 Number - Measure Word/ Object
Adjective/Pronoun
她 买 了 一点儿 苹果。
tā mǎi le yī diǎn ér píng guǒ 。
我 买 了 不少 衣服。
wǒ mǎi le bú shǎo yī fú 。
你 看见 了 几个 人?
nǐ kàn jiàn le jǐ gè rén
The negative form of “了” in both cases above is “没 + verb (object )” 。 In the nagative form. “了” should be ommitted. For example :
Subject 没 Predicate
她 没 去商店
tā méi qù shāng diàn
我 没 买。
wǒ méi mǎi 。
我 没 看见张先生。
wǒ méi kàn jiàn zhāng xiān shēng 。
2. The Noun "后hòu “
The noun "后hòu ” indicates a period after the present time or the time being mentioned. For example :
(1) 五点后 40分钟后 星期三后
wǔ diǎn hòu 40fèn zhōng hòu xīng qī sān hòu
(2)A: 你几点后去工作?nǐ jǐ diǎn hòu qù gōng zuò ?
B: 八点后。 bā diǎn hòu 。
(3)A: 你什么时候回家?nǐ shén me shí hòu huí jiā ?
B: 五点后。wǔ diǎn hòu 。
(4)A:他什么时候能回来?tā shén mehí hòu néng huí lái ?
B:40分钟后回来。40fèn zhōng hòu huí lái 。
3.The Modal Particle “啊ā ”
The Modal particle “啊ā ” is used at the end of a declarative sentence to set the mood. The pronunciation of “啊ā ” varies with the finals of the syllables before it, and in written Chinese, the variants are represented by different characters sometimes.
The Final of the Syllable before it The Pronunciation of“啊”
a e i o ū a ----- ia
u ao ou a ----- ua
-n a ----- na
-ng a -------nga
-i(zi, ci, si 中) a ----- za
-i (zhi, chi , shi, ri中) a --- ra
(1) A: 你是王小姐吗? nǐ shì wáng xiǎo jiě ma
B: 是啊 shì ā
(2) A: 你想去吃中国菜吗?nǐ xiǎng qù chī zhōng guó cài ma ?
B: 好啊。 hǎo ā 。
(3)A: 王方的衣服太漂亮了! wáng fāng de yī fú tài piāo liàng le !
B: 是啊, 她买了不少衣服。shì ā , tā mǎi le bù shǎo yī fú 。